智利毛萊　孔斯蒂圖西翁市立劇院

2010 年 2 月，智利發生規模 8.8 的強震，並隨後引發海嘯，孔斯蒂圖西翁市市區超過半數在災害中毀損。災後，智利政府與當地主要林業企業 Arauco 團隊攜手在一百天內提出一套城市永續的重建規劃，有效率地整合公私部門資源，面對這場突如其來的城市危機。

On February 27th 2010, Chile was hit by an 8.8 earthquake and a tsunami afterwards. Over 50% of Constitucion was devastated. The government and Arauco - the main forest company in Chile - asked us to submit a Masterplan for the Sustainable Reconstruction of the city in 100 days in order to make an efficient and coordinated use of public and private resources.

重建計畫以「尺度」回應「地理威脅」。團隊以森林作為城市防災策略的核心，不選擇正面抵抗海嘯，而是透過大規模地景設計弱化其力量，形塑一套全新的防災都市邏輯。此手法同時涵蓋住宅更新、道路系統與多數公共建築的重建提案，過程中更讓居民高度參與。本市立劇院受高度關注，整體可容納 500 席，此次不僅重建表演空間，更是重造城市公共生活與社群記憶。

The main point of the Masterplan was to respond to a geographical threat at a geographical scale; so we proposed a forest to dissipate (instead of resisting) the energy of the tsunami. This new anti-tsunami urban DNA for the city was accompanied with proposals for new housing, road infrastructure and almost all the of the public buildings of the city. All this was done with intense participation of the people. One of the highest priorities of the community was the reconstruction of the Municipal Theatre. A venue for 500 seats located in the central civic square of the city.

建築設計以「盒中盒」為基本概念。內層量體容納劇場機能，整體向內包覆；外層則以木構包覆，呼應林業生產重鎮的地域背景。兩層量體之間，透過一連串深邃開口，引入自然通風與採光，使前廳成為明亮且流動的公共過渡空間。座落於中央市民廣場的基地條件，也讓建築立面成為城市活動的一部分。開口之間的實牆被轉化為投影介面，而開口本身則化作戶外活動的舞台，使劇院在非演出時刻，同樣能參與並回應城市的公共日常。

The proposal is basically a box within a box. There is one inner volume containing the theater that is introverted. Then there is an outer box, made of wood, given that this region is the center of the Chilean forest production. In between the two, we introduced a sequence of deep openings to allow for cross ventilation and natural light in the foyer. Given the building is located in the central civic square of Constitución, the opaque surfaces between the openings work as projection panels and the openings as stages for public outdoor events.

主要建築師：亞歷杭德羅．阿拉維納　胡安．塞爾達　維克多．奧多　岡薩洛．阿特亞加　迭戈．托雷斯

建築面積：1,120 平方公尺

主要建材：混凝土．木材．鋼材．玻璃

主要結構：鋼筋混凝土

座落位置：智利孔斯蒂圖西翁

影像：克里斯托瓦爾．帕爾瑪

文字：ELEMENTAL

整理：張薰云

Principal Architect：Alejandro Aravena．Juan Cerda．Victor Oddó．Gonzalo Arteaga．Diego Torres

Building Area：1,120㎡

Principal Material：Concrete．Wood．Steel．Glass

Principal Structure: Reinforced Concrete

Location：Constitución, Chile

Photos：Cristobal Palma

Text：ELEMENTAL

Collator：Hsun-Yun Chang