俄羅斯　格連吉克機場

The new Gelenzdhik Airport in Russia, designed by Doriana and Massimiliano Fuksas, represents an important experimentation for a new model of airport architecture, thanks to the design of a building in continuous relationship with its sorrounding landscape which emphasizes the travel experience of the users. The new airport connects Gelendzhik, one of the most renowned Black Sea Resort Cities, with many domestic destinations, including Moscow, St. Petersburg, Kazan and Yekaterinburg. The project is inspired by the flight of birds, the sea and the wind. Its organic forms reproduce the moment when a bird suddenly changes direction during its flight: the capture of a dynamic and unpredictable movement translated into a poetic architecture. The reference to the natural elements of the territory is found throughout the design of the building which represents, for its uniqueness, a real landmark for the city as well as an example of contemporary architectural experimentation.

此案是針對「新型機場建築」的重要嘗試，不僅與周圍景觀保持連結，亦強調使用者的旅行體驗。該機場將最著名的黑海度假城市——格連吉克，與莫斯科、聖彼德堡、喀山和葉卡捷琳堡等多個國內城市相連。設計靈感來自翱翔的鳥類、大海和風，量體形式旨在重現飛鳥突然轉向的瞬間，團隊捕捉剎那的動態與不可預測，將其轉化為富有詩意的建築，同時參考當地的自然元素，造就其獨特性，繼而使之成為顯著地標，可謂當代建築實驗的典範。

The building stands on only nine internal columns and four external reticular pillars that, beyond performing their structural function, become en plein air sculptural elements. The roof is made of a three-dimensional structure of more than 2,500 steel spheres and about 12,000 bar elements covered with white triangular composite panels. With a roof area of 14,500 square meters, the building stands out in the landscape as a dynamic and powerful form.

All airport functions are located inside the interior pavilions, clad in champagne-colored anodized aluminum. The glass façade is composed of extremely transparent and energy-performative double-glazed panels that guarantee, together with the plant engineering system, high levels of internal thermal comfort. The transparency of the glass provides for a continuous relationship between inside and outside, allowing the traveler an immersive experience in the landscape. The false ceiling has been realized through parametric design and represents one of the most characteristic elements of the interior. The design was generated through algorithms and it is enriched by a dynamic integrated lighting system. The aluminum triangles of the ceiling reproduce on the inside the main scenarios of the sky during the day and night, automatically changing color during the 24 hours. Travelers are overlooked by a dynamic sky, with its changes and its shape that seem modeled by the wind and rippled by the waves of the sea.

量體僅由九根內柱與四根網狀外柱支撐，所有的柱體除了形成結構功能，亦是空中的雕塑元素；屋頂則是由大約 2500 顆鋼球，以及約 12000 根鋼筋所組成的三維結構，其上覆蓋著白色三角形複合板，面積達 14500 平方公尺，於景觀中盡情展現其動態感。機場的所有功能皆位於展館內，外牆採用香檳色陽極氧化鋁，玻璃幕牆則選用透明度極高、節能效果極佳的雙層玻璃板，並與設備工程系統共同維持內部溫度。透明玻璃使內外形成一種連續關係，使旅客能盡情欣賞周遭景致。經過參數化設計而成的偽天花，是室內最具特色的元素之一，該設計由演算法生成，並透過動態集成照明系統使整體更加豐富。天花上的鋁制三角形，於內部重現白天和黑夜的天空景色，隨時間推移變換各種顏色。旅客可於此處俯瞰動態的天空，其變化猶如風之模型，亦如海浪漣漪。

The entire building has been designed to ensure maximum interior comfort, thanks to an automatic centralized system that monitors fire protection, lighting, air conditioning and heating, and air circulation. Thanks to sensors installed both inside and outside the building, the entire system will facilitate the management and control of the terminal as well as ensuring savings of about 30% of normal electricity and water consumption.

 The project for the external green areas preserves without hiding the typical rocky landscape of Gelendzhik. The landscape is left in an almost uncontaminated form, constantly remembering the typical configuration of the territory. A 1-hectare park on the forecourt of the new terminal will be implemented, with the introduction of about 6000 local trees and shrubs. The area will be divided into several areas connected by pedestrian and bicycle paths and the parking area will be provided with bicycles and scooters private parking areas and charging stations for electric vehicles. The new terminal of Gelendzhik Airport is one of the largest seismically isolated structures in the Krasnodar territory: the external pillars are equipped with 90 different support devices able to withstand an earthquake of up to 8 degrees.

自動中央系統確保室內溫度之舒適，該系統亦可用於監控消防、照明、空調和供暖，以及空氣流通。由於大樓內外皆設有感測器，有效加強航站樓的管理和控制，同時節省約 30% 的正常用電和用水量，戶外綠地亦保留當地典型的岩石景觀。未來，新航站樓前院將設有占地一公頃的公園，種植約 6000 株當地樹木和灌木，且將被劃分為多個場域，由人行道和自行車道相互連接；停車場將設置自行車和滑板車停放區，以及電動車充電站。此外，此機場的新航站樓是克拉斯諾達爾地區最大的隔震建築之一，外部支柱配備 90 種不同的支撐裝置，能夠抵禦高達 8 度的地震。